Top 10 Active Directory Interview Questions and Answers PDF Download

Top 10 Active Directory Interview Questions and Answers

1. What is Active Directory?

   Active Directory is a directory service developed by Microsoft that provides a centralized and hierarchical database for managing network resources, including users, computers, groups, and other objects.

2. What are the key components of Active Directory?

   The key components of Active Directory are:

   • Domain: A logical grouping of objects, including users, computers, and other resources.
   • Domain Controller: A server that stores a copy of the Active Directory database and authenticates users.
   • Forest: A collection of one or more domains that share a common schema and global catalog.
   • Organizational Units (OUs): Containers within a domain used to organize and manage objects.

3. What is a domain controller?

   A domain controller is a server that runs the Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) role and stores a copy of the Active Directory database. It authenticates users, enforces security policies, and manages access to network resources within a domain.

4. What is a forest in Active Directory?

   A forest is a collection of one or more domains that share a common schema, configuration, and global catalog. It represents a security boundary and defines the replication and trust relationships between domains.

5. What is the Global Catalog in Active Directory?

   The Global Catalog is a distributed data repository that contains a subset of attributes for all objects in the Active Directory forest. It allows for efficient searching and authentication across domains within a forest.

6. What is the difference between a user account and a computer account in Active Directory?

   A user account represents an individual user and is used for authentication and authorization. A computer account represents a computer or device and is used for authentication and managing access to network resources.

7. How does Active Directory handle authentication and authorization?

   Active Directory uses the Kerberos authentication protocol to authenticate users and grant them access to network resources. Authorization is managed through security groups and access control lists (ACLs) that define permissions for objects and resources.

8. What are group policies in Active Directory?

   Group policies are a feature of Active Directory that allow administrators to define and enforce settings and configurations for users and computers in a domain. Group policies can control security settings, software installation, desktop preferences, and more.

9. What is the purpose of DNS in Active Directory?

   DNS (Domain Name System) is used by Active Directory to translate domain names into IP addresses and locate domain controllers. DNS is critical for the proper functioning and replication of Active Directory.

10. How can you troubleshoot Active Directory replication issues?

    Some common troubleshooting steps for Active Directory replication issues include checking replication topology, verifying DNS configuration, monitoring replication status using tools like Repadmin, and resolving any errors or conflicts found in replication logs.

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